What type of carbohydrates are larger and take longer to digest, leading to a gradual increase in blood glucose levels?

Complex carbohydrates are larger compounds made up of long chains of sugar molecules. Because of their structure, they take longer for the body to break down during digestion. This slow digestion process leads to a gradual increase in blood glucose levels, providing a more sustained source of energy compared to other types of carbohydrates.

When complex carbohydrates are consumed, they are broken down into glucose more slowly, leading to stable blood sugar levels over time. This is beneficial for maintaining energy without causing rapid spikes and drops associated with the consumption of simpler sugars or high glycemic index foods. As a result, complex carbohydrates are often recommended for long-lasting energy, particularly in a balanced diet.

In contrast, simple carbohydrates and refined sugars consist of shorter chains of sugar molecules, which the body can break down rapidly, resulting in quick spikes in blood sugar levels. High glycemic index carbohydrates also lead to similarly fast increases in blood glucose and can cause the body to respond by releasing insulin rapidly, so they are not aligned with the gradual increase in blood glucose levels.