Which of the following best describes the function of the villi in the small intestine?

The function of the villi in the small intestine is primarily to increase the surface area for nutrient absorption. Villi are tiny, finger-like projections that line the inner wall of the small intestine. Their structure provides a vast surface area, which is crucial for the absorption of nutrients from digested food. This increased surface area allows for a greater amount of nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream, enhancing the efficiency of nutrient uptake.

In addition to surface area, the villi are covered with even smaller hair-like structures called microvilli, which further amplify this absorptive capacity. This specialized arrangement ensures that the small intestine can effectively absorb essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, which are vital for the body’s functioning.

While other options mention functions like producing enzymes or secreting digestive juices, these roles are primarily performed by different structures in the digestive system. For instance, the pancreas produces digestive enzymes, and the intestinal glands secrete digestive juices. The transport of waste is also not a function attributed to villi; instead, this is managed by other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, the primary role of villi is to maximize nutrient absorption through their increase in surface area.